That Evening Sun Literary Analysis Essay - 641 Words

â€Å"That Evening Sun† by William Faulkner is a good example of a great emotional turmoil transferred directly to the readers through the words of a narrator who does not seem to grasp the severity of the turmoil. It is a story of an African American laundress who lives in the fear of her common-law husband Jesus who suspects her of carrying a white mans child in her womb and seems hell bent on killing her. Many critics refer to That Evening Sun as one of the finest examples of narrative point of view. The story is told by Quentin Compson, whose voice Faulkner utilizes at two distinct times in the boys life. First, we have 24-year-old Quentin remembering a 15-year-old episode concerning Nancys fear of Jesus. This introductory point of†¦show more content†¦Throughout the short story several symbols appear. Mr. Stovell for example who is an illustration of both the economic system, he is a cashier at the bank, and the religious institutions, he is a Baptist deacon, of the South, refuses to pay Nancy for her services. Stovell is representative of all the bad in the South, and how the White take advantage of the Blacks, and dont get punished for it; he represents both the wealthy and the religious. Another symbol is certainly the way that Faulkner uses dark and light in the story. For Nancy that evening sun represents the danger that her absent lover presents to her. Jesus whose name is likely an ironic joke on Faulkners part represents danger and violence to Nancy, and he will wait until night has come to fall upon her. When it is light she feels safer, but once the darkness hits, danger is represented. The title of That Evening Sun refers to a popular black spiritual that begins, Lordy, how I hate to see that evening sun go down, which implies that once the sun sets, death is sure to follow. In conclusion, William Faulkner’s stories deal with a plethora of human problems, while at the same time they focus on social conflicts and misunderstanding. In, â€Å"That Evening Sun† this can all be clearly seen, as he focuses on one of the most urgent problems of thatShow MoreRelatedAmy Lowell s `` Madonna Of The Evening Flowers `` And `` A Lover ``1061 Words   |  5 Pagescombination of intertextuality, symbolism, and allusions.. I will analysis the following poems by Amy Lowell: â€Å"The Taxi† â€Å"Madonna of the evening flowers† â€Å"A decade† and â€Å"A lover†. Using these poems I will analyze her common themes, structure, and figurative imagery. Amy Lowell often Amy Lowell’s most common themes are love, helplessness, loneliness and sex. The theme of loneliness is apparent in her poem, â€Å"Madonna of the Evening Flowers.† When the narrator is distanced from her lover she feels aloneRead MoreAnalysis Of The Youngest Daughter 1429 Words   |  6 Pagesprior to the assigning of this paper. In Song’s â€Å"The Youngest Daughter†, we are introduced to a variety of meanings in which an analysis full of depth is required to clearly interpret and understand what it is that the speaker is attempting to bring across through the use of clever diction. The poem in itself also contains a compilation of carefully puzzle together literary techniques that are taught to be broken down to provide a good understanding of a work of literature to its readers. Every poemRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Katherine Mansfield992 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one thinks of marriage, it is natural to imagine a happy couple, hand-in-hand, wa lking towards the sunset. Many literary pieces offer a contrasting opinion of marriage, depicting trials and tribulations, heartbreak, and unhappy endings. Katherine Mansfield s Bliss and Kate Chopin s The Story of an Hour offers a look into the darkness and angst that can lie within a marriage between two lovers. Both of these works depict the perspectives of the women from these unions. Bliss and TheRead MoreTechniques and Concerns of Modernism1482 Words   |  6 PagesDemonstrate your understanding of the context and values of Modernism by close analysis of the techniques and concerns of Modernism that are reflected in one poem and one short story. Modernism as a movement is an artistic reaction to the conventional art and literature of mid- to late 19th century. World War I introduced advanced technology and the introduction of industrialisation provoked Modernist writers to express their concerns about the changing society and the complexities it of throughRead More Relationship between Sublime and Magical Realism Explored in The Monkey1435 Words   |  6 Pagesidentified as the Gothic Sublime sets the stage for analysis of its relationship to other types of literature. What constitutes Sublime literature? More importantly, how may sublime literature relate to Magical Realist literature? Through examination of The Monkey, the relationship between Sublime literature and Magical Realist literature can be defined.    Scholars have traced the history of Sublime literature back to the third century literary critic Longinus. In his work Peri Hypsos, he laysRead More Critical Analysis of Edvard Munchs The Scream Essay1404 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of Edvard Munchs The Scream The Scream, sometimes known as The Cry was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893. Some say Munch played a role in the development of German Expressionism, though the Norwegian painter turned down two offers to join the group, and preferred not to be classified, or put into a category. This painting was part of Munchs The Frieze of Life, a series of paintings each portraying a phase of life - as defined by Munch: Birth of Love, BlossomingRead Morehope3544 Words   |  15 PagesUnit 3 Analysis of Fiction This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals 21st Century SkillsYou will use critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, employ online tools for research and analysis and communicate effectively. Introduction Literature has long been a major source of information and entertainment. Learning to analyze literary work systematically can significantly add to your enjoyment and appreciation of literature. The aim of literary analysis is to extract informationRead MoreEssay The Great Gatsby2606 Words   |  11 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby belongs to what Harold Bloom tags the â€Å"tomb† of literary archetypes, a family of fiction that espouses every facet of the expressive use of language (everything from Shakespeare’s plays to Dickens’ prose). As a participant in this tomb, The Great Gatsby has adopted a convenient persona in the world of twentieth century literature as â€Å"the great American novel,† a work that embodies the American thematic ideals of the self-made man, the great AmericanRead MoreMetaphors in Their Eyes Were Watching God1611 Words   |  7 Pagesa phrase than what it literary means. Additionally, metaphors are also used to make rhetorical statements where one is speaking of something else but by the use of words that do not have the same meaning. Moreover, metaphors can be used when one is trying to compare two different items with different meanings to portray the same meaning in describing something (Arduini 83). The book â€Å"Their e yes were watching God† has several metaphors, which have different analyses. Analysis of Metaphors The bookRead MoreLangston Hughes And His Harlem Dream1902 Words   |  8 Pageswas incorporated into the jazz form of music but traditional brass instruments were used prior to the invention of other advanced musical art forms (enotes.com) One among all made a significant change that can and never will be forgotten. A man of literary genius, social awareness, black pride and an undeniable intelligence, and that is the great voice of civil equality through the works of Langston Hughes as he was one of the vanguards of this movement and his poetry directly influenced this black

John Calvin A Major Contributor As A Reformer - 992 Words

John Calvin was a major Contributor as a reformer in Geneva. The Protestants were scattered heavily throughout Europe, and were considered leaders of the Reformation. Calvin’s work in the writing of the Institutes would arouse many throughout Europe the opportunity to present their faith and views as a church and enabled the Protestants to have a voice. Calvin’s strength as a reformer was his brilliance to organize the Ecclesiastical Ordinances within the church that would bring structure among the elders. John Calvin began impacting the Reformation through writing a treatise that would later lead to the publishing of the Institutes of the Christian Religion. These writings discussed Christian faith from the Protestant view point. Being able to elaborate on the Protestant faith was crucial to some, because most of the literature was met with strong attacks. Calvin’s father was part of the middle class, and served as a secretary to the bishop and was a procurator or a representative of others in the courts of the Roman civil law. Calvin’s father was able to obtain an income for him through ecclesiastical posts that would help pay for his expenses as a student. â€Å"The first edition of the institution was published in 1536, when Calvin was twenty six. It was several times revised, but there was no development in Calvin’s thought after the first edition. Calvin’s genius was for organization rather than theological speculation† (Maunder 2011).This was t he beginning of the manyShow MoreRelatedJohn Calvin s Contributions Of The Reformation1370 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Calvin’s Contributions John Calvin was one of the reformers who would bring reformation to the city of Geneva and help establish the Protestant faith among the community of Geneva and throughout Europe. His strength in the reformation was his ability to organize. John Calvin was a major Contributor as a reformer in Geneva. The Protestants were scattered heavily throughout Europe, and were considered leaders of the Reformation. Calvin’s work in the writing of the Institutes would arouse manyRead MoreJohn Calvin s Contributions Of The Reformation1325 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Calvin’s Contributions Calvin’s strength as a reformer was his brilliance to organize the Ecclesiastical Ordinances within the church that would bring structure among the church and elders. Furthermore, his writings brought structure to the reformation and shaped theological doctrines. John Calvin was a major contributor as a reformer in Geneva. The Protestants were throughout Europe, and were considered leaders of the Reformation. Calvin’s work in the writing of the Institutes would arouseRead MoreThe Enlightenment Period : The Age Of Reason1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves, major developments in religion, science and philosophy occurred. Before the 1800s most people in Europe were Catholic. These individuals were not allowed to express other religious views or thoughts. Anybody who questioned the established beliefs was arrested or killed. During this time, popes were considered faultless; not a single person could tell them they were faulty. The papacy then underwent numerous attacks by the Protestant reformers such as Martin Luther and John Calvin. MartinRead MoreEssay Exam Euh10001386 Words   |  6 Pagesnot present during Otto’s reign. Otto I was finally crowned as Emperor in 962 AD, which legitimized his rule. However, he lost a lot of support from the local bishops and abbots so Otto appointed new bishops and abbots that would support him. Pope John joined forces with the Italians and opposed Otto, who responded by appointing a new pope to take John’s place. The conflict actually stems back to Pope Nicholas who issued a decree on Papal elections. The decree was to strengthen the power of theRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesNature of Human Resource Management After you have read this chapter, you should be able to: ââ€"  Identify four major HR challenges currently facing organizations and managers. List and define each of the seven major categories of HR activities. Identify the three different roles of HR management. Discuss the three dimensions associated with HR management as a strategic business contributor. Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as an interface. Discuss why ethical

Easter in Ukraine Free Essays

Easter (in Ukrainian: ‘Velykden’ or ‘Pasha’) is the most important holiday of the year in Ukraine. It’s celebrated on each first week after vernal equinox and full moon. Preparation for Easter starts seven weeks ahead of time with the advent of Lent. We will write a custom essay sample on Easter in Ukraine or any similar topic only for you Order Now Believers don’t eat meat and any animal products. Palm Sunday, the week before Easter, is known in Ukraine as Willow Sunday. People bring home willow branches which have been blessed in church and beat this willow of children that were not ill and were healthy. The week is dedicated to preparing for Easter. The Thursday before Easter is called Clean Thursday. During this time an effort is made to finish all field work before Thursday, since from Thursday on work is forbidden. Pure Thursday is connected with ritual of clarification by water. According to Ukrainian tradition one should bathe before sunrise on this day to be healthy all year. The house must be clean too. Good Friday is the day that the women of the family bake â€Å"pasha†, Ukrainian Easter bread. On Saturday children dye Easter eggs to add to the Easter basket which will be blessed in church. It also includes pysanka, salt, pasha, sausage, ham and most of the people also put in basket red sweet wine. In the evening people go to church for the Easter mass, which lasts all night. After that people go home to celebrate Easter with their families. If they meet other people on the way they say: â€Å"Christ is risen! † and these people should reply â€Å"Risen indeed†. All the people exchange Easter greetings and give each other painted eggs. On Easter day kids play their favorite Easter game: knocking the eggs. If you knock somebody’s egg and your egg is not broken than you are the winner. The Easter season in Ukraine comes to an end with the cult of the dead is observed. The dead are remembered during the whole week after Easter, especially on the first Monday following Easter Sunday. People gather in the cemeteries, bringing with them some food, candies and wine, which they consume, leaving the rest at the graves. How to cite Easter in Ukraine, Essay examples

Movement in Tanzania free essay sample

ICA defines cooperative as autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a ointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise (1). This implies that in cooperative people come together with a common goal willingly without coercive force, Join on their own will. It also means that cooperatives are created by pooling or mixing interests, properties or labors. Members throw in their lot with other members who do the same, with a view to realizing benefits impossible by acting on those impossibilities one after another. Such benefits may include economies of scale, increases in productivity, retention of profits by workers or the comradeship of coordinated group action. Cooperatives are democratically controlled means that management of the cooperatives is on the basis of democracy whereby the top decision making organ is the general assembly ( the meeting of all members of the cooperative organization) of which the one is a member. We will write a custom essay sample on Movement in Tanzania or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The general assembly therefore, formulates the policies and guidelines for managing the organization. It also elects the board members of which the pillar of democracy of one member one vote dominates. Cooperatives are Jointly owned meaning that all the members are owners of the enterprise and its goal is the mutual benefit of members themselves, ith the result that if a co-operative is for-profit, profit is a means only, not an end, and such profit may be sacrificed, and if loss occur it is for all members. Co- operatives are autonomous in the sense that they should not be interfered with regard to states or any other party, though they are typically socially-owned in undivided shares and serve a public good. There are various forms cooperatives which show the same structure of organization both nationally and internationally. These cooperatives were formed with the people of the same goals and interests uch as to reduce high life standards in their areas of domicile, to fght for their rights in the work place, to improve housing conditions and so on. In Tanzania cooperatives were dominated by the peasants who were small scale producers and they formed producer cooperatives. So various forms cooperatives that existed in Tanzania are Producer cooperatives such as KNCU, consumer cooperatives such as the Cooperative Supply Association of Tanganyika (COSATA), Transport cooperatives such as Co-cabs and Coast region Transport cooperative (CORETCO) and Savings and credit cooperatives. Cooperatives on their formation are guided by some core values, ethical values and principles. ICA used these as the guidelines that identify the cooperative without which any cooperative cannot be recognized. Co-operatives are based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. In the tradition of their founders, co-operative members believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others. ICA also believes that the co-operative principles are guidelines by which co-operatives put their values into practice. They include Voluntary and open membership, Democratic member control, Economic participation by members, Autonomy and independence, Education, training and information, Cooperation among cooperatives, and concern for community

NAVIGATING A SUCCESSFUL PROPOSAL PROCESS PART 2 OF 3 - The Writers For Hire

NAVIGATING A SUCCESSFUL PROPOSAL PROCESS: PART 2 OF 3 We’re Going Forward. What Next? The Go/No-Go meeting was held, and the decision’s been made: Your company is going forward with the proposal. Now the ball is back in your court. You’ve managed a proposal team before, but the contract was simple and called for far fewer resources. This one will require input from several divisions, and somehow, they all need to coordinate on a single 100-page document in just a few short weeks. You know the first step is setting up your team, but you’re not sure who should be on it. What resources do you need, and what should they do? Choosing the Right Team We asked a series of experts on proposal writing for some tips and best practices on setting up proposal teams. Meet our experts: Stephanie Hashagen Professional writer who frequently works on clients’ proposal teams Dan Hewitt Process safety specialist who participates on well-orchestrated proposal teams using a proven approach at a major engineering firm Marion Winsett Career sales manager in oilfield equipment who has negotiated contracts and written countless proposals They gave us some time-tested advice, starting with a very important key concept: Be realistic. It’s easy to put together a team based on a best-case scenario. It’s much safer to put together a team based on a real-life scenario.Tweet this That is, assume the RFP will take more time than you think, and your team will have less time than they think. â€Å"It’s imperative you choose individuals who are capable of responding quickly to the proposal time constraints,† Hashagen says. â€Å"Be sure they don’t have too much on their plate, and consider whether their other responsibilities might require them to address something unexpected that is time critical for another client.† The size of your team will likely depend on the size of your company and the complexity of the proposal. However, for most proposals, eight key roles must be filled. Proposal manager Sales team representative Contract manager Subject matter experts Estimator Writer Graphic artist (optional) Editor A few of your team members may wear more than one hat, but Hashagen advises, â€Å"Remember to be realistic and be sure there are enough people on the team to meet the deadline.† Proposal Team Roles A. Proposal Manager Who is in charge of getting this proposal to the finish line? Since you brought the proposal this far, you might be the assumed leader for this proposal project. But keep in mind that you may not be the best choice for the role of proposal manager. To be fair to yourself and your team, you must consider your strengths and the demands on your time: 1) Are you extremely detail-oriented, comfortable with pestering people, and used to juggling tight schedules on a day-to-day basis? 2) Are you managing other proposal teams, or are there significant demands on your time outside the proposal process such as managing other projects or generating sales? You must be able to answer yes to the first question and no to the second before you should consider yourself for the role of proposal manager. Failure to consider these questions honestly can result in a proposal that looks and reads like it was hastily put together. Hashagen goes on to outline the proposal manager’s responsibilities: Managing the schedule to make sure all deadlines are met Tracking the progress of each part of the proposal package Maintaining close communication with everyone, including subcontractors, who will provide information for (or write sections of) the proposal Collecting the information and the draft documents and distributing them to the right parties, or, if documents are to be routed and tracked in a document management system, ensuring that the information is relayed by the deadline and tracked in the system Providing the reviewed and revised input to those who will produce the final version of the proposal Distributing the package to the final review team Ensuring that the final review comments are provided to the proposal writers, the final proposal package undergoes a rigorous proofreading process, and the proposal is delivered on time. B. Sales Team Representative Hewitt emphasizes the importance of having someone from your sales force on the team. â€Å"A person involved in external sales can provide important information about the company issuing the RFP. A person in inside sales lends experience in the proposal process and the proper organization, formatting, and template (if any). Either one can review the finished package with an experienced eye.†    C.  Contract Manager Not to be confused with proposal manager, this person is the individual designated to manage the project once the contract has been won. Depending on the demands of his or her current project, the contract manager may or may not be expected to participate on the proposal team. â€Å"In instances when the contract manager is too heavily involved in another project to participate on the team, the proposal manager relays team members’ questions to the contract manager and provides information from the contract manager to the team,† Hashagen says. D. Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) Select an SME from each discipline who will be involved in project delivery if the contract is won. â€Å"The SME may simply provide the necessary information for a particular section or sections of the proposal,† Hashagen explains. â€Å"Or the SME may actually write the initial drafts of the sections pertaining to his or her discipline.† SMEs participate in proposal team meetings so that important questions aren’t overlooked. Interdisciplinary communication improves the consistency and accuracy of the initial drafts. The combination of the SMEs’ expertise and experience is the reason your company should be chosen above your competitors. E. Estimator or Proposal Finance Manager This person is responsible for providing the projected costs that the RFP requires. If the estimator or proposal financial manager does not participate on the team itself, the person in this role is still responsible for providing the numbers to the proposal writers and for proofing the final proposal to ensure the accuracy of the financial data. F. Writer Your proposal package must be cohesive and written in a single voice. Although there are multiple contributors, someone must write the proposal so that it is properly organized, precisely stated, and consistent. In addition, the writer ensures that the proposal has an executive summary, a table of contents, and a conclusion, as well as a list of tables and figures and a list of related documents when required. If your business employs a writer or communications specialist, that person may serve as the writer. If not, a writing agency can be contracted for this role. How the writer proceeds will be determined at your first meeting. On some proposal teams, the proposal manager funnels all the information to the writer in the form of SME-drafted content and financial data. G. Graphics Artist (optional) If your template requires custom artwork for each proposal or you are preparing your first response to an RFP, you may need a graphic artist. This team member ensures that logos, illustrations, workflow diagrams, and organizational charts are attractive, consistent, and accurate. In an article for Entrepreneur called The 10 Things You Need to Know When Responding to RFPs, George Debb, managing partner at Red Rocket Ventures, suggests, â€Å"Intersperse the companys logo and images throughout the presentation so you look like you put customized work into your response, tailored just for your recipient.† H. Editor A capable editor carefully proofreads the final package with a fresh set of eyes. Significant errors in the proposal may cause the potential client to question whether your approach to the project itself will be less than fastidious. The editor must carefully double check the entire proposal to ensure that every deliverable requirement and every stipulation in the RFP has been addressed. Addressing the Need for Outside Resources It is likely that you addressed the need for additional resources in your early discussions with key personnel within your company, and also during the Go/No-Go meeting. (See our first blog post in this series, â€Å"â€Å"To Bid or Not To Bid.†) If subcontractors are required, a team must be assembled to source and select the contractors. This team is often independent of the team writing the proposal and may be members of your sales force, as they likely have existing relationships with the subcontractors. This selection team must begin its work as soon as the decision has been made to proceed with the proposal. When selecting a subcontractor, your selection team should consider how much of the proposal you’ll need the subcontractor to handle. Winsett stresses the importance of working closely with the subcontractor(s). â€Å"The (proposal) team and the subcontractor must agree to the terms in the RFP. Terms stipulated in the RFP that the subcontractor sees as roadblocks must be addressed immediately.† Depending on the complexity of the contract, the subcontractor selection team or some of its members â€Å"may be required to work with the subcontractors throughout the proposal process,† Winsett adds.    Providing for Content from Sources Outside Your Company If the only information from outside sources is the cost of materials or hourly rates for extra resources your employees will be managing, the proposal team’s estimator can furnish that data. In cases where the subcontractor contributes expertise or unique solution, the subcontractor may need to provide   proposal content. In that case, the proposal manager will transmit their contribution to the appropriate SME for review and to the writer for editing. Next in this Series: Ensuring a Successful Kickoff    Now you’re equipped to map out the key roles your proposal team should include and identify the optimum people to fill them. You also have the information you’ll need to help your team members understand exactly what they’ll be expected to do. Now all you have to do is hold a kickoff meeting with your team to get the proposal process in gear. What should you cover? How can you avoid missteps — and the risk of confusion, communication failures and missed deadlines? Read the third blog in our series to learn how to prepare for your kickoff and what you’ll need to cover to give your proposal the best possible chance of succeeding.

Community Policing Programs in The U.S.

Community Policing Programs in The U.S. Community policing can be defined as the partnership between a community and police officers to solve criminal problems which affect residents living there. It is a form of law enforcement which builds partnerships between police officers and members of communities with high criminal incidents meant to tackle the problem. Community policing has been used in different countries to enhance the safety and well being of all citizens by reducing crime rates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Policing Programs in The U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The U.S. is reputed to be one of the first countries in the world which embraced the concept of community policing. However, some urban areas in the US are full of violent criminal gangs which commit crimes recklessly. They mete out violence to their victims who are left with physical and psychological scars for the rest of their lives (Inciardi 122). Community pol icing offers law enforcement agencies an opportunity to handle criminal incidents before they happen by involving members of the public who report to the police promptly. Community policing programs make all citizens feel they have a duty to uphold law and order in areas they reside. There are many forms of crimes which criminals engage in. For instance, some criminals peddle narcotics and break into people’s homes to steal their property. Some police departments do not have enough police officers and this makes it difficult for them to maintain law and order in areas where they operate. The concept of community policing helps the public fill the void by keeping their communities safe from any criminal activities. Community residents need to have unified objectives to enable them to tackle issues which are related to crime effectively. They need to take an active role in their own welfare by collaborating with the police to stop criminals from endangering their security (Inci ardi 135). Supporters of community policing argue that the practice helps reduce high criminal incidents in the society. They insist that since many police departments are underserved, community policing is the only effective way through which criminal incidents can be curbed. They argue that community residents partner with the police to come up with effective approach to tackle criminal incidents (Nalla and Newman 67). They also argue that community policing helps promote public safety in areas with rampant criminal incidents. It improves the relationship between community residents and the police which help solve problems quickly. This partnership helps residents safeguard the welfare of their neighborhood which ensures criminal incidents are contained before they take place (Nalla and Newman 67). Community policing makes residents living in an area be more vigilant on different activities which happen in their neighborhoods. This fosters a sense of duty and responsibility in peo ple living in a particular area. Therefore, residents are able to have a neighborhood watch, which helps protect them against any criminal threats (Nalla and Newman 67).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Community policing gives law enforcement officers and community leaders an easy task to tackle rampant criminal incidents. This approach allows the community to share ideas on how they want police to help them reduce crime rates. This makes it possible for both parties to understand each other more to ensure positive results are achieved (Nalla and Newman 68). Community policing helps reduce fear in the society. A reduction in criminal incidents in a particular area makes it possible for different economic activities to be done without the fear of robbery or extortion. This improves the quality of life of people living in the area (Nalla and Newman 68). Opponents of communi ty policing argue that it may give rise to vigilantes. They argue that residents, who serve on the neighborhood watch patrol, may use excessive force when dealing with criminal suspects. Therefore, this has a bad effect on community policing. If residents who assist the police are not given clear instructions on what to do, they may overstep their roles and this can cause resentment in the community (Hess 117). Police officers and community residents may not have strong mutual trust to encourage them to partner and solve problems. This will make the approach unsuccessful because of the poor relationship between community residents and law enforcement officers. This affects the ability of the program to solve law enforcement problems at the community level (Hess 117). Some opponents argue that a lot of resources are needed to ensure community policing approaches succeed in communities where they are implemented. Limited resources make it difficult for community policing to succeed. I t becomes difficult for local residents to conduct routine patrols which are used to deter criminals. This ends up discouraging residents from participating in community policing which leads to poor results (Hess 118). Opponents of community policing argue that many civilians who are involved in the practice do not have skills needed to solve crimes. They argue that these people do not undergo any formal training to help them deal with criminal incidents in their neighborhoods. Therefore, they are unable to tackle complex crimes in the society (Hess 118). Community policing may encourage racial and ethnic profiling of minorities living in particular communities. Residents from the majority racial groups may accuse other residents of engaging in criminal activities. This leads to conflicts in the community brought about by prejudice and mistrust between residents. This alienates a section of residents who are likely to become unwilling to participate in community policing efforts (He ss 118).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Policing Programs in The U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In my opinion, community policing has many advantages which outweigh its disadvantages. Community policing makes it possible for residents and police officers to collaborate to reduce criminal incidents. Residents understand issues of concern in areas where they live and they need to cooperate with police officers to find common solutions to criminal problems. It is vital for residents to be more vigilant to improve their own security. For instance, residents can be encouraged to light up streets which are close to their homes to deter criminals from mugging people (Gaines and Worral 103). They also need to be encouraged to lock all their doors whenever they go out or when they are sleeping to make it difficult for criminals to sneak into their homes. Residents need to consult the police to agree on appr oaches which need to be used to fight criminals using community policing. This will ensure that all residents are comfortable with the program to eliminate any form of apathy in the community. Effective community policing initiatives make it easy for the police to gather intelligence regarding various crimes. This helps to eliminate the fear residents have for criminals in the community (Gaines and Worral 105). This encourages more people to be willing to testify against criminals suspects in court, which improves security in the community. Gaines, Larry K., and John L. Worral. Police Administration. New York: Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Hess, Kren M. Introduction to Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. Belmont: Cengage Learning, 2005. Print. Inciardi, James A. Criminal Justice. London: McGraw Hill, 2001. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nalla, Mahesh K., and Graeme R. Newman. Community Policing in Indigenous Communities. New York: CRC Press, 2013. Print.

Huntoon & Balbiera Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Huntoon & Balbiera - Essay Example However, they should differentiate offering management consulting as an additional service. Auditing is the most logical choice because despite the decrease in profits from this service are from 2000 to 2001, it is still the most important aspect of the company's operations. This will allow them to have an edge over other auditing firms without the need to lower their costs, thus justifying their current fees. In terms of client industry, the company's future plans must focus on specializing in manufacturing. Municipal clients tend to stick with their auditing firm for as long as they perform satisfactorily. Hence, the firm must simply make sure that they continue to offer these clients with the best service possible in order to keep them. However, a market that the firm can potentially benefit from is manufacturing. With a 22 percent increase in its share of profits, manufacturing is the most logical choice for the company to focus on, if they decide to specialize. Specialization, however, may not be the best strategy for a firm like H&B.

Tea Culture between Asian and Western Countries Essay

Tea Culture between Asian and Western Countries - Essay Example British afternoon tea was the most popular during ceremonies. Anna the Duchess of Bedford was the inventor of the afternoon teas. At the time it was only the wealthy individuals who could manage to buy tea. The wealthy individuals could then invite their friends so as to celebrate the festivities. The tea was later stored in the Chinese porcelain and served with other delicate goodies like sandwiches, cakes, scones, tarts, cream, biscuits and bread. Tea from India was stored in silver tea-pots which was later poured into bone-china cups. This was symbolic in terms of the economic wealth of an individual. The Britons also had the high tea which was taken during dinner time and tea breaks which was normally during mornings as part of their strict customs. In all the occasions, the European took tea when celebrating with friends and families.In Chinese, the tea was taken in a special environment. During the large parties and the imperial tea festivities, it usually involved many partici pants.

Economics essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics - Essay Example However, the firms often prefer to use machines instead of human labour as they believe that the work can be done more efficiently as compared to the human labour. The researcher through this paper would aim to discuss about the concept of diminishing marginal returns to workers. This paper would offer the researcher a scope to discuss about the employment practices using the concepts of Economics. Law of diminishing return states that in case if equal quantities of one variable factor are increased, whereas, the other factor remains constant, there is a point in the economy beyond which if an extra unit of the variable factor added leads to diminishing return and fall in marginal physical product (Black and Lynch, 2001). The main reason behind this is that as one of the factors is held fixed and the other factor is increased, the proportions of the factors change. As the proportion of variable factor increases, the factor proportions become appropriate for carrying out the production within the economy and the marginal product increases. However, the researcher says that after a certain level, the production system becomes too much crowded with variable inputs and the factor proportions cannot be utilised for the production (Edvinsson, 2002). According to a researcher, an increase in proportions of the labour as well as the capital within the agricultural land for cultivation raises the output depending on the amount of input within the production process (Black and Lynch, 2001). However, in the agricultural process there are changes that may arise due to improvement in technology as well as the factor proportions. Technology within the agricultural field deals with the use of new and improved variety of crops for production and also the use of better quality fertilizers for proper cultivation. The law of diminishing returns is also referred to as the law of variable proportions within the economy (Lopez, Vaya and Artis, 2004). According to another researcher

Self Reference Criterion And Subculture Groups Cultural Studies Essay

Self Reference Criterion And Subculture Groups Cultural Studies Essay One of the keys to success mentioned Cateora (2001) to achieve a successful international marketing is to adapt to environmental differences between a market and another. (Cateora, 2001). He defines the self-reference criterion (SRC) as a reference unaware of our own cultural values, experiences and knowledge as the basis for our decisions. The SRC hampers the ability to assess a foreign market in its true dimension. The self-reference criterion (SRC) is especially operating in the customs business. If you do not understand the customs of our foreign counterparts, are more likely to assessment behavior of these people in terms of what is acceptable to us. It is important to note that one of the most important strategies for success in international negotiations is to consider cross-cultural analysis in such a way as to isolate the influences of benchmark employment or self-reference criterion when making decisions, since it is essential to understand culture of the foreign market in order to avoid cultural shock and errors when you start a negotiation on the basis of adaptation to the environment in which it operates, and, moreover ethnocentrism which limits our ability to accept cultural differences and therefore reduces the opportunity to develop effective international marketing programs. In conclusion, when formulating and developing an international marketing program must consider the possible occurrence of these barriers as determinants of decision making. To avoid disappointment for entering and remaining in foreign markets, it is important to have respect for cultural differences in each of the markets of different countries and it is really important to know the history, traditions and trends of potential markets for generate a truly global conscience and implement strategies with ethical trend in each of them. The key to adapting is to maintain ones culture but to develop a  ¬ entendimien and a willingness to accommodate the differences. A successful marketing professional knows that China is important to give opinions without overwhelming arguments, criticism, even when requested, may cause the host lose face. In Germany it is considered impolite to use first names unless one is specifically invited to do so, you should always address a person as Herr (Mr), Frau (Mrs.) or Fraulein (Miss) with your name. In Brazil should not be offended by the propensity to touch the person with whom he converses. This custom is not a violation of personal space but the Brazilian form of greeting or emphasize one aspect to or gesture of goodwill and friendship. For the employer you want to export as the international marketer and specialist in international trade must have a type of vision to observe and detect the different elements that may be important in the development of its function. These views consist of: The vision of company, which is to take into account the capacities, objectives and interests of the company. The national vision that involves taking into account the positioning, the possibilities and trade agreements and government and private support of the country of the offered. The vision for the country of the target market is to take into account the realities, barriers of values, culture, norms and customs of trade and business of the country that addresses the export effort. The overall vision is to consider the general situation and sectoral trends, technology and international marketing in addition to the regionalization and globalization processes of international norms established by entities such as the OMG and the ICC Adjusted for differences requires putting aside our own cultural values. James E. Lee proposed that the natural self-reference criterion the unconscious reference to our cultural values is the root of most international business problems. However, recognize and admit this, it is often quite difficult. (Negocios Internacionales, Michael R. Czinkota, Ilkka A. Ronkainen, Michael H. Moffett, 7th Edition, Pag 60) By ignoring important cultural aspects, it can fall into the self-reference criterion, for example the unconscious reference to cultural values. Thus, it has been the cause of countless problems in international business and more, when it came to high-context. Avoid ethnocentrism as well, which is to consider their own culture as superiors to others (Czincota and Ronkainen, 1996)   There are many dangers of the self reference criterion: Failure to explore the need to take precautions Do not measure the differences between the cultures of different countries. Having an offensive answer with the host response The steps for Cross Cultura Analisys: To clarify the problem of home business To clarify the problem of the foreign Separate the SRC, examining in detail a complicated problem Determine the problem without the SRC The progress of a global awareness Different cultures must be tolerated To know and accept different cultures, making working with others whose culture is different. Have a knowledge of different global cultures, such as history, social and political problems. Focus on global awareness Selecting managers with global knowledge Having relationships with people who are from other countries or nationalities Cultural diversity within the company executives Acoording to Usunier and Lee J. in the book Marketing across Cultures, Perceive the French about other cultures are: The Germans: Pretentious and offhand. Fashionable, womanizing, frivolous, fickle, well-mannered, resourceful. The British: Nationalistic, chauvinistic, intransigent, centralist, dependent on the state, polite but not open minded, humourless, short tempered. The Americans: Chauvinistic, well mannered, combination of good food and good conversation, curious about foreing people, pretentious, talkative, pleasant, intelligent. ETHNOCENTRISM Properties of ethnocentrism may include the following tendencies: (1) to distinguish different groups; (2) to perceive events in terms of their own group interests (economic, political and social); (3) to see one group as the center of the universe and consider your lifestyle superior to all others; (4) to distrust other groups and negligible; (5) to see one group as superior, strong and honest;   The phenomenon of ethnocentrism is a danger to global marketing. Ethnocentrism is not to buy a foreign product not because it more expensive or lower quality, but the fact of being ones own country. People affected by this fact tend to think that the product of your country is always better. Immoral even consider buying things from abroad. It is curious that in other countries, like Spain, the opposite happens: if a foreign product looks better. An Italian designer suit seems more elegant than a national costume. The effects of ethnocentrism on the process of marketing and sales can sales practices to coexist rational and irrational due to marketing consumer ethnocentricity (Walle, 1986). The central role of personal provide satisfaction and customer service quality may be adversely affected by wider influence of marketing in the development and communication of identity corporate (Thomas and Hill, 1999). Likewise, ethnocentrism can also affect negatively to the transfer of technology from countries with economies of third world developed nations, due to the ethnocentric and stereotyped behavior on the part of developed economy, this is particularly true in technology transfer social, for example, in the area of organizational development (Bourgeois and Boltvinik, 1981). Consumer ethnocentrism is related to the country effect origin, either as an independent concept (Herchen, 1992), or considering it, from academic point of view, a further element of the concept of country of origin on the explains how the patriotic feelings affect attitudes toward products and purchase intentions (Han, 1988; Hadjimarcou, Hu and Bruning, 1993, Good and Huddleston, 1995; Huddleston, Good and Stoel, 2001)   SUB CULTURAL GROUPS Internationalization Strategies Ethnocentrism: Oriented to the country of origin. The company has focused its sales targets in the local market will eventually be sold in other markets only if you experience any order. Consider export as a sideline, giving priority to domestic operations. There is no change in the commercial mixture. Polycentric: Oriented to the country of destination Each country is considered as an independent reality, planning and marketing strategies are defined according to the needs of this market .- The distribution is done with equipment sales channels and target market .- Participate in the national market but in a disorganized and unplanned .- Usual medium enterprises or those with some experience in foreign markets .- It is expensive to establish the structure and oil business management, emerging problems of coordination and Control. Region Centric: Oriented to the region, is establishing a strategic plan for the entire region. A regional sales target, market coverage program is organized and planned sales. Geocentric: global orientation. SUBCULTURE The subculture is a distinct group within a culture. Its members can meet for various reasons, such as age, ethnicity, sexual identity, musical tastes or aesthetics, among others. It is usual that the subculture defines itself in opposition to the dominant culture. There are times; however, that such opposition is not radical. The members of a subculture often share a similar appearance that identifies them as a particular hairstyle (the ridge in the case of the punks) or the color of the clothes (black for Goths or emos). Within a subculture usually speak a particular dialect or uncommon terms used in other groups. The emergence of a subculture is established by the existence of shared symbols. This distinguishes the simple groups of people who meet common tastes of subcultures. In the mentioned case of the goth subculture, its members appeal to the black clothes and white makeup to convey their skepticism and lack of hope for the development of mankind Cultural subgroup is the denomination to define those groups of individuals who share common goals and ways of representation communes. Sub cultural analysis to segment the market to reach the needs, motivations, perceptions and attitudes that are shared by members of a particular subculture group. A subculture is a distinct cultural group that exists as an identifiable area within a larger and more complex society. Its members have beliefs, values and customs that set them apart from other members of the same society. The main sub-cultural categories are: nationality, race, religion, geographic location, age, sex and education. EXAMPLES OF SUBCULTURES EMO The origin of the word emo itself is confusing, most people associate it with the word emotional from the 90s. More recently, the word emo was seen as a contraction of emotional hardcore or emocore, which were popular designations music genre. The term emo has also been used in recent years on the Internet by different field, especially to those who seem emotionally unstable. Others use the term emo to describe a feeling of depression. In English the term emo is also used as an abbreviation for the word emotive meaning affective or emotional. Floggers Flogger is known as a trendy teenager from Argentina, which is closely related to Fotolog.com, a website where you upload photos and where users can comment on them. It has become very popular among young people, to become almost a habit or lifestyle. Flogger The word comes from flog, short for Fotolog. The popularity of a photoblog is based on the number of signatures (comments) daily photos and their friends / favorites. The photos uploaded in their respective fotologs often self-portraits. GOTHIC This is a movement in several countries. It started in the UK between the late 70s and mid 80s in the gothic rock scene, a derivation of the Post-Punk. His aesthetic and cultural inclinations come mainly from the influences of horror literature, horror films, and to a lesser extent, the BDSM culture. The goth subculture shared aesthetic tastes, musical and cultural common ground. Although Gothic music encompasses several sub-genres and styles, all share a tendency to look and sound dark or dark. Styles of dress within the subculture, taking influences from death rock, punk, androgynous style, and even the Renaissance style of dress, but goths are aesthetics, which focuses on black. Gothic THE PUNK This is born in the UK since the early 70s where a stream of young people in Britain and other industrialized countries felt that the rock had gone from being a means of expression for young people, to a mere marketing tool and showcase to the grandeur of the musicians of the time, pushing the music of ordinary people. Punk emerged as a mockery to the rigidity of the conventions that concealed forms of social oppression. Philosophy punk can be summarized as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Do it yourself, have it your way. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rejecting the dogma and not to seek a single truth. challenge and contradict everything à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Do not operate according to the fashion and media manipulation in addition to being against consumerism. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Think for yourself. Skinheads The skinheads are skinheads or groups considered to be Nazis. They advocate the ideology of German leader Adolf Hitler and say they want to rid society of what they call scum, although this will have recourse to violent methods they know as clean-up squads. The Rastafarian These comes from Jamaica, is linked to the liberation of black people, looking for the earthly paradise in this case would ethiopia, so their characteristic colors, green, yellow and red, the rasta culrtura more than a movement is a religion provided when carrying off the bottom of the letter, not consuming meat, and based on pure marijuana consumption, on the grounds that the Bible mentions that God has created all the plants for use by men, also stops at state of flight to achieve a better meditation. SEGMENTATION AND SUBCULTURES Culture is defined largely consumer behavior of a given society. However, within a culture more homogeneous subgroups coexist with a common customs and values. Distinguish consumers in each subculture facilitates the positioning of brands and products aimed at a culture. Segmentation in subcultures is based on a socio-cultural and demographic factors were clearly identifiable. Marketers must be aware of how sub-cultural influences interact, not just segmented by a unique subculture. The classification of subcultures is usually done on the basis of national origin, age, religion, sex and lifestyle. However, this type of segmentation is valid provided that belonged to one of these subgroups involving behavioral patterns and identifiable characteristics, since the fact of being black or white, yuppie or a housewife, may not be a factor significant for the purchase of certain products. If subculture is identified as the group of adolescents between 14 and 18, is because they have a different behavior than for people between 25 and 32, for example. In Spain, the development of advertising campaigns are often differentiated mainly by age, gender and lifestyle, rather than racial influences, for although the number of immigrants is increasing, especially from the early 90s, a group is not so ingrained as, for instance, Hispanics or African American. The choice of conditioning (shape, appearance, color) cannot ignore the symbolic meanings associated with the cultural environment. An example: Nestlà © launched a dairy preparation characterized by containing active bifid us and a rich supply of calcium. It differs by the higher calcium content and pleasant taste. And in Latin countries the gratification of taste is a key factor for the food products sector. If your taste or texture is not good, the product will not succeed. That makes it especially attractive given a subculture from the perspective of marketing is the fact that it represents a segment of consumers with unique shopping habits, which involves a significant purchasing power for the company. If cultures differ, and if consumers behave differently, marketing strategies must also adapt to different environments can be identified. In this sense, be regarded as cultural adaptations in market research and strategies of the marketing mix, product, price, distribution and communication. In any social group differences in manifest behavior patterns for marketers this fact offers advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages as identify a greater number of differences in a society should lead to the segmentation process to continue to spread to other possible groups that show homogeneous patterns or cultural features, design marketing activities appropriate to each segment or any of them, and increase business costs arising from the differentiation. Advantages precisely because the market segmentation us to potential target sites which may constitute or niches where the company can rest, defend, or be strong. In a society there are groups that are usually values and cultural homogeneous, but that differ from other groups, all members of the macro cultural group. What is important for the marketing manager is to realize this potential cultural variety, and then follow a process similar to the following: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Analyze cultural diversity in a particular social group. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Identify the types existing subcultures according to nationality, race, religion or geography. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Analyze the main cultural and behavioral differences à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Study the profiles of each group for demographic, psychographic and behavioral. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Evaluate the potential of each subculture as target market à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Determine the implications for marketing and its key variables. In the light of new trends that have been imposed in the marketing, seen as a social process, there has been a school of thought supported by the relativistic paradigm. The culture has begun to be seen as the background which shows the consumption patterns and also some products which have acquired a symbolism not imagined before (Lindridge and Dibb, 2003). As a result, beyond instrumentalist considerations, sociological, social, mutually beneficial exchange, strategic, administrative, and engineering (Pà ¡ramo, 2004) has emerged strongly in recent decades on the world of academics and researchers, a tendency to view marketing as part of a particular culture (Douglas and Isherwood, 1979; Arnould and Wallendorf, 1994; Pà ¡ramo, 2000a, 2000b). This trend has upset the paradigm of a country regarded as a synonym of the same culture (Rao, 1997), since societies are constituted largely by subcultures that correspond to the existing human groups. In fact, for over 20 years marketing has witnessed a continuing growth of interest in the study of cultural differences between ethnic groups and its implications for marketing and this has forced him to resort to ethnicity and culture as criteria segmentation.

A Comparison of Vengeance in Electra, The Bacchae and Frankenstein Essa

Vengeance in Electra, The Bacchae and Frankenstein      Ã‚   In today's world, vengeance is still in existence, bubbling below our calm facade, waiting for the catalyst it needs to break loose. Evidence can be seen right now in the reactions of the American people towards Bin Laden. He destroyed so many lives, and now, there is probably not one American that would not love to get their minute alone with him. The American people want to hurt him the way he and his followers hurt their fellow Americans, their family. This hunger for vengeance is completely Dionysian and is found in more than one written work.    Electra is saturated with the Dionysian quest for vengeance that prevails also in The Bacchae. It is found again in Frankenstein, a work bubbling over with vengeful deaths. This Dionysian pursuit for vengeance is carried out on family offenders, whether they are of the family in question or not. Dionysus, a member of Cadmus' family, causes the death of his cousin Pentheus. Pentheus commits a deadly mistake when he denies Dionysus as a god and attempts to capture him, thus invoking the wrath of Dionysus. This is the same type of vengeance found in Electra's family. In Electra's family, if one commits a family offense, an unending cycle of the Dionysian principle of vengeance ensues: vengeance takes precedent over family ties, thus forsaking them. With Victor Frankenstein and his monster, the principle is also at work, though it exists for each of them in response to the other.    This principle is born into Electra's family long before her own tragedies transpire. It begins with the sons of Pelops and all of the adultery and murder a la mode that occur in that branch of Electra's family history. However, this... ...al, is to strike out at those who seek or have harmed us, and to destroy them in any means possible. Rest assured that if any Americans are involved in the Bin Laden affair, that the thirst for vengeance on them will be overpowering. The Dionysian principle of vengeance is still very much alive, lurking below the surface, waiting for the justification it needs to break free.    Works Cited C.K. Williams,The Bacchae Of Euripides (New Version)New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000 Sophocles Electra New York: Dover Publications Inc., 1995 Mary Shelley, Frankenstein New York: Dover Publications Inc., 1994 "Bush Speaks From Oval Office" http://multimedia.belointeractive.com/attack/news/text0911.html "Bin Laden Has Nowhere To Run - Nowhere To Hide", madblast.com The House of Atreus http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa110497.htm

Blood Promise Chapter Seventeen

Convincing them to release a Strigoi-particularly when we had him trapped-wasn't easy. My questioning hadn't made sense to them either, but they'd gone along with it. Letting a Strigoi go? That was really crazy-even for the unpromised. They exchanged uneasy glances with one another, and I wondered if they'd disobey. In the end, my harshness and authority won out. They wanted me as their leader and put their faith in my actions-no matter how insane they seemed. Of course, once we did let the Strigoi go, we had the new problem of making sure he actually went. At first, he started to attack again, and then, realizing he'd probably get overwhelmed, he finally skulked off. He gave us one last menacing look as he disappeared into the darkness. I didn't think being taken down by a group of teenagers had done a lot for his self-esteem. He gave me in particular a look of hatred, and I shuddered at the idea of him knowing my name. There was nothing to be done about it now; I could only hope my plan had a chance of working. Denis and the others got over me letting the Strigoi go once we made a few other kills that week. We fell into a routine, investigating clubs and dangerous parts of town, relying on my senses to tell us when danger was near. It was funny to me how much the group soon began to rely on my leadership. They claimed they wanted no part of the guardians' rules and authority, but they responded surprisingly well to me telling them what to do. Well, more or less. Every once in a while, I'd see a bit of that unhinged recklessness. One of them would try to play hero, underestimate a Strigoi, or go in without the rest of us. Artur nearly ended up with a concussion that way. As the largest of all of us, he'd gotten a bit cocky and was therefore caught off guard when a Strigoi threw him into a wall. It had been a sobering moment for all of us. For a few agonizing moments, I'd feared Artur was dead-and that it was my fault as their leader. One of Sydney's Alchemists had come-though I'd made sure not to be around, lest Abe find me-and had treated Artur. The guy said Artur would be fine with some bed rest, meaning he had to stop hunting for a while. It was hard for him to do-and I had to yell at him when he tried to follow us one night, reminding him of all their friends who had died before because of such stupidity. Out in the human world, dhampirs tended to run on human schedules. Now I put myself on a nocturnal schedule, just like I'd been on at the Academy. The others followed suit, except for Tamara, since she had a day job. I didn't want to be asleep during the time Strigoi prowled the streets. I had called Sydney each time we left a kill, and word had to be getting around in the Strigoi community that someone was doing a lot of damage. And if the Strigoi we'd released had carried my message, some of those Strigoi could specifically come looking for me. As days passed, our kills dropped a little, making me think the Strigoi were indeed being cautious now. I couldn't decide if that was a good or bad thing, but I urged the others to be extra careful. They were beginning to revere me as a goddess, but I took no satisfaction in their adoration. My heart still ached from all that had happened with Lissa and Dimitri. I wrapped myself up in my task, trying only to think of working the Strigoi community to get closer to Dimitri. But when we weren't out hunting Strigoi, I had a lot of downtime with nothing to do. And so I kept visiting Lissa. I'd known there were a lot of kids-like Mia-who lived at the Royal Court because their parents had jobs there. I didn't quite realize how many there were, though. Avery naturally knew them all, and to no one's surprise (at least not mine), most of them were spoiled and rich. The rest of Lissa's visit had been a series of other functions and formal parties. The more she listened to royal Moroi talk business, the more it irritated her. She saw the same abuses of power she'd noted before, the same unfair way of distributing guardians like they were property. The controversial issue of whether Moroi should learn to fight alongside the guardians was also still a hot topic. Most of the people Lissa ran into at Court were of the old-school mentality: Let guardians fight and Moroi stay protected. After seeing the results of that policy-and the successes that had happened when people like Christian and I tried to change it-hearing the selfishness among the Moroi elite enraged Lissa. She welcomed her escapes from these events whenever she could, anxious to run wild with Avery. Avery was always able to find people to hang out with and attend parties of a much different nature than Tatiana's. Stifling Court politics never came up at these parties, but there were still plenty of other things to drag Lissa's mood down. In particular, Lissa felt her guilt, anger, and depression over me spiraling deeper and deeper. She'd seen enough of spirit's effects on her moods to recognize potential warning signs, though she hadn't been actively using spirit while on this trip. Regardless of the moods' cause, she still continued to do her best to seek distraction and drown her depression. â€Å"Watch it,† warned Avery one evening. She and Lissa were at a party the night before they had to fly back to the Academy. A lot of those who lived at Court had permanent housing, and this party was at the town house of some Szelsky who served as an aide on a committee Lissa didn't know. Lissa didn't really know their host either, but that didn't matter, save that his parents were out of town. â€Å"Watch what?† asked Lissa, staring around the sights. The town house had a courtyard out back, lit up by tiki torches and strings of twinkling lights. There were drinks and food in full force, and some Moroi guy had a guitar out and was trying to impress girls with his musical skills-which were nonexistent. In fact, his music was so awful that he might have discovered a new way to kill Strigoi. He was cute enough, though, that his admirers didn't seem to care what he played. â€Å"This,† said Avery, pointing at Lissa's martini. â€Å"Are you keeping track of how many of those you're taking down?† â€Å"Not from what I can tell,† said Adrian. He was sprawled on a lounge chair nearby, a drink in his own hand. Lissa felt a bit amateur compared to them. While Avery was still her wild and flirtatious self, she didn't have the crazed or stupid air of someone completely trashed. Lissa didn't know how much the other girl had been drinking, but it was presumably a lot since Avery always had a drink in hand. Likewise, Adrian never seemed to be without a beverage, the effects of which mostly mellowed him out. Lissa supposed they had a lot more experience than her. She'd gone soft over the years. â€Å"I'm fine,† lied Lissa, who was watching her surroundings spin a little and seriously contemplating joining some girls dancing on a table across the courtyard. Avery's lips quirked into a smile, though her eyes showed a bit of worry. â€Å"Sure. Just don't get sick or anything. That kind of thing gets around, and the last thing we need is everyone knowing that the Dragomir girl can't hold her liquor. Your family has a fierce reputation to maintain.† Lissa downed the drink. â€Å"Somehow, I doubt alcohol consumption is part of my family's illustrious ancestry.† Avery pushed Adrian over and lay down next to him on the lounge chair. â€Å"Hey, you'd be surprised. In ten years, this group will be your peers on the council. And you'll be trying to pass some resolution, and they'll be like, ? ®Remember that time she got trashed and threw up at that party?'† Lissa and Adrian both laughed at that. Lissa didn't think she was going to get sick, but like everything else, she would worry about it later. The bright point of all this was that drinking was helping numb the memories of what had happened earlier in the day. Tatiana had introduced her to her future guardians: a seasoned guy named Grant and the â€Å"young lady,† who was named Serena. They had been nice enough, but their parallels to Dimitri and me had been overwhelming. Taking them on had seemed like a betrayal to us, yet Lissa had simply nodded and thanked Tatiana. Later, Lissa had learned that Serena had originally been lined up to be the guardian for a girl she'd known her entire life. The girl wasn't royal, but sometimes, depending on guardian numbers, even non-royals got assigned guardians-though never more than one. When positions for Lissa's protection opened up, however, Tatiana had pulled Serena from the job with her friend. Serena had smiled and told Lissa it didn't matter. Duty came first, she said, and she was happy to serve her. Yet Lissa felt bad, knowing it had to have been hard on both girls-and terribly unfair. But there it was again: an unfair balance of power with no one to really keep it in line. Leaving that encounter, Lissa had cursed her own meekness. If she hadn't had the courage to follow me, she thought, she should have at least put her foot down and demanded that Tatiana give her my mother instead. Then Serena could have gone back to her friend, and there'd be one friendship still left intact in the world. The martini simultaneously seemed to numb the pain and make her feel worse, which honestly made no sense to Lissa. Whatever, she thought. And when she caught a glimpse of a server passing by, she waved him over to order more. â€Å"Hey, can I-Ambrose?† She stared in surprise at the guy standing before her. If there'd been a swimsuit calendar for hottest dhampir guys, this one would have been the cover model (aside from Dimitri-but then, I was biased). This guy's name was Ambrose, and she and I had met him on our trip there together. He had deeply tanned skin and well-formed muscles underneath his gray button-down shirt. He was a particular oddity at Court, a dhampir who'd rejected guardian service and performed all sorts of tasks here, like giving massages and-if rumor was true-having â€Å"romantic encounters† with the queen. That one still made me cringe, and I'd run into some pretty disgusting things in my life. â€Å"Princess Dragomir,† he said, flashing her one of his perfect white grins. â€Å"An unexpected surprise.† â€Å"How have you been?† she asked, genuinely happy to see him. â€Å"Good, good. I have the best job in the world, after all. And you?† â€Å"Great,† she replied. Ambrose paused, eyeing her. He didn't drop that gorgeous grin, but Lissa could tell he didn't agree with her. She could see the disapproval in his face. Avery accusing her of drinking too much was one thing. But some pretty dhampir servant? Unacceptable. Lissa's demeanor grew cold, and she held out her glass. â€Å"I need another martini,† she said, her voice as haughty as that of any perfect royal. He sensed the change in her, and his friendly smile turned to one of polite indifference. â€Å"Right away.† He gave her a small bow and headed off to the bar. â€Å"Jeez,† said Avery, watching admiringly as he walked away. â€Å"Why didn't you introduce us to your friend?† â€Å"He's not my friend,† snapped Lissa. â€Å"He's nobody.† â€Å"Agreed,† said Adrian, putting an arm around Avery. â€Å"Why look elsewhere when you've got the best right here?† If I hadn't known any better, I'd have sworn there was a hint of legitimate jealousy underneath his jovial tone. â€Å"Didn't I go out of my way to bring you to breakfast with my aunt?† Avery gave him a lazy smile. â€Å"That's a good start. You've still got a ways to go to impress me, Ivashkov.† Her gaze drifted over Lissa's head and turned surprised. â€Å"Hey, Jailbait's here.† Mia, with Jill in tow, came striding through the garden, indifferent to the shocked looks she received. The two of them were clearly out of place. â€Å"Hey,† said Mia when she reached Lissa's group. â€Å"My dad just got called away, and I have to go with him. I've got to give Jill back.† â€Å"No problem,† said Lissa automatically, though she clearly wasn't happy about Jill being there. Lissa still kept wondering if Christian had some special interest in her. â€Å"Everything okay?† â€Å"Yeah, just business.† Mia made her farewells to everyone and left the party as quickly as she'd come, rolling her eyes at the other royals' sneers and shock as she passed. Lissa turned her attention to Jill, who had sat gingerly in a nearby chair and was staring around her in wonder. â€Å"How's it been? Did you have fun with Mia?† Jill turned back to Lissa, face brightening. â€Å"Oh yeah. She's really great. She's done so much work with water. It's crazy! And she taught me a few fighting moves, too. I can throw a right hook†¦ although not very hard.† Ambrose returned then with Lissa's drink. He gave it to her wordlessly and softened a bit when he saw Jill. â€Å"You want anything?† She shook her head. â€Å"No, thanks.† Adrian was watching Jill carefully. â€Å"You okay here? Do you want me to take you back to guest housing?† Like before, his intentions weren't romantic in the least. He seemed to regard her as a little sister, which I thought was cute. I hadn't thought him capable of that kind of protective behavior. She shook her head again. â€Å"It's okay. I don't want you to have to leave†¦ unless†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her expression grew worried. â€Å"Do you want me to go?† â€Å"Nah,† said Adrian. â€Å"It's nice to have someone responsible around in the midst of all this madness. You should get yourself some food, if you're hungry.† â€Å"You're so motherly,† teased Avery, echoing my thoughts. For whatever reason, Lissa took Adrian's â€Å"responsible† comment personally, like he was directly slamming her. I didn't think that was the case at all, but she wasn't really thinking all that clearly. Deciding she wanted some food herself, she got up and wandered over to the table in the courtyard's garden that had trays of appetizers on it. Well, it had earlier. Now the table was being used by the dancing girls Lissa had noticed before. Someone had cleared space by moving all the trays of food to the ground. Lissa leaned over and picked up a mini sandwich, watching the girls and wondering how they could find any sort of beat in that royal guy's horrible music. One of the girls spotted Lissa and grinned. She extended a hand. â€Å"Hey, come on up.† Lissa had met her once but couldn't recall her name. Dancing suddenly seemed like a great idea. Lissa finished the sandwich and, drink in hand, allowed herself to be pulled up. This got a few cheers from people gathered around. Lissa discovered that the crappy music was irrelevant and found herself getting into it. Her and the other girls' moves varied from overtly sexual to mockeries of disco. It was all fun, and Lissa wondered if Avery would claim this would haunt her in ten years too. After a while, she and the others actually attempted some synchronized moves. They started by swaying their arms in the air and then moved on to some chorus line kicks. Those kicks proved disastrous. A misstep-Lissa was wearing heels-suddenly sent her over the table's edge. She lost the drink and nearly collapsed before a pair of arms caught her and kept her upright. â€Å"My hero,† she muttered. Then she got a good look at her savior's face. â€Å"Aaron?† Lissa's ex-boyfriend-and the first guy she'd ever slept with-looked down at her with a smile and released her once he seemed certain she could stand. Blond-haired and blue-eyed, Aaron was handsome in a surfer kind of way. I couldn't help but wonder what would have happened if Mia had seen him. She, Aaron, and Lissa had once been involved in a triangle worthy of any soap opera. â€Å"What are you doing here? We thought you disappeared,† Lissa said. Aaron had left the Academy a few months ago. â€Å"I'm going to school out in New Hampshire,† he replied. â€Å"We're here visiting family.† â€Å"Well, it's great to see you,† said Lissa. Things hadn't ended well between them, but in her current state, she meant her words. She'd had enough booze to think it was great to see everyone at the party. â€Å"You too,† he said. â€Å"You look amazing.† His words struck her more than she would have expected, probably because everyone else here had implied that she looked trashed and irresponsible. And breakup or no, she couldn't help but recall how attractive she'd once found him. Honestly, she still found him attractive. She just didn't love him anymore. â€Å"You should stay in touch,† she said. â€Å"Let us know what's going on.† For a moment, she wondered if she should have said that, in light of having a boyfriend. Then she dismissed her worries. There was nothing wrong with hanging out with other guys-particularly since Christian hadn't cared enough to come with her on this trip. â€Å"I'd like that,† Aaron said. There was something in his eyes she found pleasurably disconcerting. â€Å"I don't suppose, though, that I could get a goodbye kiss, seeing as I rescued you and all?† The idea was preposterous-then, after a moment, Lissa laughed. What did it matter? Christian was the one she loved, and a kiss between friends would mean nothing. Looking up, she let Aaron lean down and cup her face. Their lips met, and there was no denying it: The kiss lasted a bit longer than a friendly one. When it ended, Lissa found herself smiling like a dazed schoolgirl-which, technically, she was. â€Å"See you around,† she said, heading back toward her friends. Avery wore a chastising look, but it wasn't over Aaron and the kiss. â€Å"Are you crazy? You nearly broke your leg. You can't do that kind of thing.† â€Å"You're supposed to be the fun one,† pointed out Lissa. â€Å"It wasn't a big deal.† â€Å"Fun isn't the same as stupid,† Avery retorted, face serious. â€Å"You can't go do stupid shit like that. I think we should get you home.† â€Å"I'm fine,† said Lissa. She stubbornly looked away from Avery and instead focused on some guys who were doing shots of tequila. They were having some sort of competition-and half of them looked ready to pass out. â€Å"Define ? ®fine,'† said Adrian wryly. Yet he looked concerned too. â€Å"I'm fine,† Lissa repeated. Her gaze snapped back to Avery. â€Å"I didn't get hurt at all.† She'd expected grief about Aaron and was surprised they hadn't given it to her-which made it even more surprising when it came from another source. â€Å"You kissed that guy!† exclaimed Jill, leaning forward. Her face was aghast, and she displayed none of her usual reticence. â€Å"It was nothing,† said Lissa, who was irked to have Jill reprimanding her of all people. â€Å"Certainly none of your business.† â€Å"But you're with Christian! How could you do that to him?† â€Å"Relax, Jailbait,† said Avery. â€Å"A drunken kiss is nothing compared to a drunken fall. God knows I've kissed plenty of guys drunk.† â€Å"And yet, I remain unkissed tonight,† mused Adrian, with a shake of his head. â€Å"It doesn't matter.† Jill was really worked up. She'd grown to like and respect Christian. â€Å"You cheated on him.† With those words, Jill might as well have practiced her right hook on Lissa. â€Å"I did not!† Lissa exclaimed. â€Å"Don't drag your crush on him into this and imagine things that aren't there.† â€Å"I didn't imagine that kiss,† said Jill, flushing. â€Å"That kiss is the least of our worries,† sighed Avery. â€Å"I'm serious-just let it go for now, you guys. We'll talk in the morning.† â€Å"But-† began Jill. â€Å"You heard her. Let it go,† a new voice growled. Reed Lazar had appeared out of nowhere and was looming over Jill, face as hard and scary as ever. Jill's eyes went wide. â€Å"I'm just telling the truth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I had to admire her courage here, considering her normally timid nature. â€Å"You're pissing everyone off,† said Reed, leaning closer and clenching his fists. â€Å"And you're pissing me off.† I was pretty sure this was the most I'd ever heard him say. I tended to kind of think of him as a caveman, stringing three-word sentences together. â€Å"Whoa.† Adrian leapt up and rushed to Jill's side. â€Å"You need to let this go. What, are you going to start a fight with some girl?† Reed turned his glare on Adrian. â€Å"Stay out of this.† â€Å"The hell I will! You're crazy.† If anyone had asked me to make up a list of people most likely to risk a fight in defense of a lady's honor, Adrian Ivashkov would have been low on that list. Yet there he stood, face hard and hand sitting protectively on Jill's shoulder. I was in awe. And impressed. â€Å"Reed,† cried Avery. She too had risen and now stood on Jill's other side. â€Å"She didn't mean anything. Back off.† The two siblings stood there, eyes locked in some kind of silent showdown. Avery wore the harshest look I'd ever seen on her, and at last, he glowered and stepped back. â€Å"Fine. Whatever.† The group stared in amazement as he walked abruptly away. The music was so loud that only a few of the partygoers had overhead the argument. They stopped and stared, and Avery looked embarrassed as she sank back in her chair. Adrian still stood by Jill. â€Å"What the hell was that?† Adrian demanded. â€Å"I don't know,† Avery admitted. â€Å"He gets weird and overprotective sometimes.† She gave Jill an apologetic smile. â€Å"I'm really sorry.† Adrian shook his head. â€Å"I think it's time for us to go.† Even in her drunken state, Lissa had to agree. The confrontation with Reed had shocked her into soberness, and she was suddenly uneasily evaluating her actions tonight. The glittering lights and fancy cocktails of the party had lost their charm. The drunken antics of the other royals seemed clumsy and stupid. She had a feeling she might regret this party tomorrow. Once back in my own head, I felt fear set in. Okay. Something was very wrong with Lissa, and no one else seemed to notice it-well, not to the extent they should have. Adrian and Avery did seem concerned, but I had the feeling they were blaming her behavior on the drinking. Lissa was still reminding me a lot of how she'd been when we'd first returned to St. Vladimir's, when spirit had been seizing her and messing with her mind. Except†¦ I knew enough about myself now to realize that my anger and fixation on punishing Strigoi was being influenced by spirit's dark side too. That meant I was draining it away from her. It should have been leaving Lissa, not building up. So what was wrong with her? Where was this short-tempered, crazy, and jealous persona coming from? Was spirit's darkness simply growing in intensity so that it spread to both of us? Were we splitting it? â€Å"Rose?† â€Å"Huh?† I glanced up from where I'd been staring blankly at the TV. Denis was looking down at me, his cell phone in his hand. â€Å"Tamara had to work late. She's ready to go now, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He nodded toward the window. The sun was almost down, the sky purple, with only a little orange on the horizon. Tamara worked within walking distance, and while there probably wasn't any real danger, I didn't want her out alone after sunset. I stood up. â€Å"Come on, we'll go get her.† To Lev and Artur I said, â€Å"You guys can stay here.† Denis and I walked the half-mile to the small office where Tamara worked. She did assorted clerical tasks, like filing and copying, and there'd apparently been some project that kept her there late tonight. We met her at the door and walked back to the apartment without incident, talking animatedly about our hunting plans for the evening. When we reached Tamara's building, I heard a strange wailing across the street. We all turned, and Denis chuckled. â€Å"Good God, it's that crazy woman again,† I muttered. Tamara didn't live in a bad part of town but, as in any city, there were homeless people and panhandlers. The woman we watched was almost as ancient as Yeva, and she regularly walked up and down the street, muttering to herself. Today, she lay on her back on the sidewalk, making strange noises while waving her limbs like a turtle. â€Å"Is she hurt?† I asked. â€Å"Nope. Just crazy,† said Denis. He and Tamara turned to go inside, but some soft part of me couldn't abandon her. I sighed. â€Å"I'll be right in.† The street was quiet (aside from the old lady) and I cut across without fear of traffic. Reaching the woman, I held out my hand to help her out, trying not to think about how dirty hers was. Like Denis had said, she merely appeared to be in crazy mode today. She wasn't hurt; she'd apparently just decided to lie down. I shuddered. I tossed the word crazy around a lot when it came to Lissa and me, but this was truly crazy. I really, really hoped spirit never took us this far. The homeless lady looked surprised at the help but took my hand and began talking excitedly in Russian. When she tried to hug me in gratitude, I stepped back and held up my hands in the international â€Å"back off† signal. She did indeed back off but continued chatting happily. She grabbed the sides of her long coat and held them out like a ball-room skirt and began spinning around and singing. I laughed, surprised that in my grim world, this would cheer me up. I started to cross back over to Tamara's place. The old woman stopped dancing and began talking happily to me again. â€Å"Sorry, I have to go,† I told her. It didn't seem to register. Then she froze mid-sentence. Her expression gave me warning only half a millisecond before my nausea did. In one fluid motion, I spun around to face what was behind me, pulling my stake out as I moved. There was a Strigoi there, tall and imposing, having sneaked up while I was distracted. Stupid, stupid. I'd refused to let Tamara walk home alone, but I'd never even considered danger right outside my â€Å"No†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I wasn't sure if I said the word or thought it. It didn't matter. The only thing that mattered just then was what my eyes saw before me. Or, rather, what my eyes thought they saw. Because surely, surely, I had to be imagining this. It couldn't be real. Not after all this time. Dimitri. I knew him instantly, even though he'd†¦ changed. I think in a crowd of a million people, I would have recognized him. The connection between us would allow nothing else. And after being deprived of him for so long, I drank in every feature. The dark, chin-length hair, worn loose tonight and curling slightly around his face. The familiar set of lips, quirked now in an amused yet chilling smile. He even wore the duster he always wore, the long leather coat that could have come straight out of a cowboy movie. And then†¦ there were the Strigoi features. His dark eyes-the eyes I loved-ringed in red. The pale, pale, death-white skin. In life, his complexion had been as tanned as mine, thanks to so much time outdoors. If he opened his mouth, I knew I'd see fangs. My whole assessment took place in the blink of an eye. I'd reacted fast when I'd felt him-faster than he'd probably expected. I still had the element of surprise, my stake poised and ready. It was perfectly lined up with his heart. I could tell, then and there, that I could make the hit faster than he could defend. But†¦ The eyes. Oh God, the eyes. Even with that sickening red ring around his pupils, his eyes still reminded me of the Dimitri I'd known. The look in his eyes-the soulless, malicious gleam-that was nothing like him. But there was just enough resemblance to stir my heart, to overwhelm my senses and feelings. My stake was ready. All I had to do was keep swinging to make the kill. I had momentum on my side†¦ But I couldn't. I just needed a few more seconds, a few more seconds to drink him in before I killed him. And that's when he spoke. â€Å"Roza.† His voice had that same wonderful lowness, the same accent†¦ it was all just colder. â€Å"You forgot my first lesson: Don't hesitate.† I just barely saw his fist striking out toward my head†¦ and then I saw nothing at all.

Introduction to Duty of Care in Health, Social Care or Children’s and Young People’s Settings

All health and social care organisations have a duty of care towards any one that they may look after no matter what their age may be. This basically means that we must do what we can to keep a person of any age in our care safe from harm.Describe how the duty of care affects own work role.I must at all times ensure that the person or persons that I look after are free from dangers within their care setting, this maybe from obstacles in the path that they walk that could cause a trip or fall. Make sure my hands are clean before the preparation of meals and drinks and to ensure person or person’s hands are clean before they start to eat their meal, this can prevent infections. To ensure person or person’s receive personal care, this can prevent urination burns, good hygiene to prevent infection to themselves and others.Understand support available for addressing dilemma’s that may arise about duty of care. 2.1 Describe dilemma’s that may arise between the d uty of care and individual’s rights. 1 dilemma could be personal care whether they are capable of assisting with their own personal care or of in need of receiving assistance with personal care. We are here to help maintain good personal hygiene but sometimes a person will refuse to assist themselves or allow someone to assist them, if this happens then it is their right to refuse they cannot be forced into something they do not want to do or receive something they don’t want.2.2 Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemma’s. I would talk to the person whose personal hygiene was in question, to try and find out what the problem may be or look in their care plan to look at their background as there could be something within their past that could help. Also if a person in your care is prone to an illness  such as UTI that can cause more confusion and change in personality report it immediately so necessary testing can be carried out. Talk to my team leader, sometimes an underlying illness can cause a person to react in a certain way, so possible G.P input maybe needed to rule anything out. Talk to the person’s family they may be able to help, the person may feel more comfortable around their family. In some cases you may need to get input from social workers and CPN.Know how to respond to complaints3.1 Describe how to respond to complaints.First of all listen to the complaint and assess the right action to take. It all depends on what level of seriousness the complaint is. Once you have established this you should be able to either deal with the complaint yourself or advise which course of action to take and to whom to take the complaint to next.3.2 Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints. Complaints procedure has different methods depending on type of complaint and if it is a complaint that has not been dealt with previously with the desired results. Firstly tal k to manager of the home this may be via telephone, or personally usually this can get your complaint dealt with straight away. Put your complaint in writing or email to either the manager of the home or to the area manager. They would then have to write or email you with acknowledgement of your complaint, also details of how long it may take to deal with your complaint and why. If the complaint is of a very serious nature you can then go to the Care Quality Commission.

Bail Out vs. Bale Out

Bail Out vs. Bale Out Bail Out vs. Bale Out Bail Out vs. Bale Out By Maeve Maddox Reading A Presumption of Death by Jill Paton, (St. Martin’s Minotaur, New York, 2003), I was distracted by the author’s frequent references to the necessity of a pilot’s having to â€Å"bale out† of his aircraft. How odd, I thought, that such a spelling error would slip by in a book of this quality. Surely the expression should be spelled â€Å"bail out.† According to a UK source (The Phrase Finder), the choice between â€Å"bail out† and â€Å"bale out† depends upon one’s way of viewing the act of leaving the aircraft. The person who says, â€Å"bale out† is thinking of the parachuted person as a bundle being pushed out, like a bale of hay, whereas the person who says â€Å"bail out† is thinking of the act of pouring water from a boat. This explanation might make sense if all English speakers agreed as to the spelling of the water idiom as â€Å"bail out.† Apparently some British speakers prefer to â€Å"bale out† boats. Nearly 90 years ago, H. W. Fowler (Modern English Usage, 1st edition, 1926) took a stand for bail: bail is right, bale wrong, in the sense throw water out; the derivation is from French baille, bucket. Fowler made no pronouncement on how to spell the word for jumping out of an airplane, most probably because he hadn’t heard of it yet. The earliest OED citation of bail in that sense is an American source dated 1925. The first citation for â€Å"bale out† is dated 1939. Fowler’s successor Sir Ernest Gowers (Modern English Usage, 2nd edition, 1965) dismissed the relevance of etymology in favor of â€Å"differentiation†: bail out, bale out. The OED says that [the spelling bail] should be used for emptying a boat of water; bale is ‘erroneous’ because the derivation is from French baille, bucket. But, perhaps owing to an instinct for differentiation, popular usage prefers bale both for this and for making a parachute descent from an aircraft in an emergency. The OED now has an entry for bale in the sense of â€Å"To lade or throw water out of a boat or ship with buckets,† but explains its etymology as an â€Å"erroneous spelling of bail.† The Guardian/Observer Style Guide has adopted the spelling bale for both jumping from an airplane and for pouring water out of a boat: bail out a prisoner, a company or person in financial difficulty; but  bale out  a boat or from an aircraft. Other British news sources, however, seem to prefer bail: Daily Mail Incredible story of the Lancaster pilot who bailed out over Germany whose life was saved when a searchlight helped him find his parachute Mirror Bedfordshire plane crash: Photos of wreckage show pilot may have tried to bail out. BBC NZ skydivers bail out over Lake Taupo as plane crashes. Telegraph Amid the 70th anniversary commemorations this summer it can be disclosed that at least 200 pilots died â€Å"needlessly† in 1940 after bailing out over water. Even The Guardian mixes the two spellings in the obituary of Flight Lieutenant William Walker that appears in its US edition: the bale spelling appears in a photo caption and the bail spelling in the article that follows. The UK edition of The Guardian has â€Å"bale out† in the text as well as in the caption, but Walker’s obituary in both The Telegraph and The Independent has him bailing out. Finally, the Ngram Viewer grid shows â€Å"bail out† far above â€Å"bale out† in printed usage. Bottom line: If you don’t have strong reasons to do otherwise, stick to bail for exiting an airplane and for throwing water out of a boat. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Coordinating vs. Subordinating ConjunctionsThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"The Uses of â€Å"The†